MODALS

      1.    Can

1.      I  can speak three different languages, English, French and Spanish.(+)

I  cann’t speak three different languages, English, French and Spanish.(-)

2.      Can you play the piano (+)

      I can’t, but I can play the violin.(-)

3.      They can control their own budgets. (+)

They cann’t control their own budgets. (-)

4.      We can fix it. (+)

We can’t fix it.(-)

5.      I can smoke here (+)

I Can’t smoke here (-)

      2.     May

1.      May I have another cup of coffee (+)

I may haven’t another cup of coffee (-)

2.      China may become a major economic power. (+)

China may not become a major economic power (-)

3.      Jack may be upset. I can't really tell if he is annoyed or tired. (+)

Jack may not be upset. Perhaps he is tired. (-)

4.      Jack may get upset if you don't tell him the truth.(+)

Jack may not get upset, even if you tell him the truth (-)

5.      Jack may have been upset. I couldn't really tell if he was annoyed or tired. (+)

Jack may not have been upset. Perhaps he was tired. (-)

     3.  Must

1.      We must say good-bye now.(+)

We must not say good-bye now. (-)

2.      They must disrupt the work more than necessary.(+)

They mustn’t disrupt the work more than necessary.(-)

3.      That must be Jerry. They said he was tall with bright red hair. (+)

That must not be Jerry. He is supposed to have red hair. (-)

4.      That must have been the right restaurant. There are no other restaurants on this street.(+)

That must not have been the right restaurant. I guess there is another one around here somewhere.(-)

5.      You must take some time off and get some rest.(+)

You mustn't drink so much. It's not good for your health. (-)

     4.    Might

1.      We'd better phone tomorrow, they might be eating their dinner now (+)

We'd better phone tomorrow, they might not be eating their dinner now(-)

2.      They might give us a 10% discount.(+)

They might not give us a 10% discount.(-)

3.      She might be on the bus. I think her car is having problems.(+)

She might not be on the bus. She might be walking home.(-)

4.      She might have taken the bus. I'm not sure how she got to work.(+)

She might not have taken the bus. She might have walked home.(-)

5.      She might take the bus to get home. I don't think Bill will be able to give her a ride. (+)

She might not take the bus. She might get a ride from Bill.(-)

    5.   Should

1.      We should sort out this problem at once. (+)

We shouldn’t sort out this problem at once.(-)

2.      I think we should check everything again.(+)

I think we shouldn’t  check everything again.(-)

3.      Profits should increase next year.(+)

Profits shouldn’t increase next year.(-)

4.      People with high cholesterol should eat low-fat foods.(+)

Sarah shouldn't smoke so much. It's not good for her health.(-)

5.      Susan should be in New York by now.(+)

Susan shouldn't be in New York yet.(-)

6.      Could

1.      We could try to fix it ourselves.(+)
      
We couldn’t  try to fix it ourselves.(-)

2.      I think we could have another Gulf War.(+)

I think we couldn’t have another Gulf War.(-)

3.      He gave up his old job so he could work for us.(+)

He gave up his old job so he couldn’t work for us.(-)

4.      John could be the one who stole the money.(+)

John couldn’t be the one who stole the money.(-)

5.      John could have been the one who stole the money.(+)

John couldn’t have been the one who stole the money.(-)

     7. Ought To

1.   Margaret ought to exercise more.(+)

Margaret ought not exercise too much. It might cause injury.(-)

2.   Margaret ought to come to the fitness center with us tonight (+)

      Margaret ought not come to the fitness center with us tonight (-)

3.   She ought to have the package by now.(+)

She ought not  have the package by now.(-)

4.   She ought to have received the package yesterday.(+)

She ought not have received the package yesterday.(-)

5.      She ought to receive the package tonight.(+)

She ought not receive the package tonight.(-)

       8.  Had Better

1.      The movie had better end soon.(+)

The movie had better not end soon.(-)

2.      They had better be here before we start dinner.(+)

They had better be here before we start dinner.(-)

3.      They had better forget Tom's birthday gift.(+)

They had better not forget Tom's birthday gift.(-)

4.      They had better be late.(+)

They had better not be late.(-)

5.      You had better unplug the toaster before you try to clean it.(+)

You had better not clean the toaster until you unplug it.(-)

    9.    Have To

1.      Children have to go to school (+)

Children don’t have to go to school (-)

2.      She will have to finish the other books before the final exam.(+)

She will don’t have to finish the other books before the final exam.(-)

3.      They have to leave early (+)

They don’t have to leave early (-)

4.      This answer have to be correct (+)

This answer don’t have to be correct(-)

5.      The soup have to be stirred continuously to prevent burning (+)

The soup don’t have to be stirred continuously to prevent burning(-)

      10.  Have go to

1.      I have got to be at work by 8:30 AM (+)

I don’thave got to be at work by 8:30 AM (-)

2.      You have to be there on time to get a seat. (+)

You won't have to be there on time to get a seat.(-)

3.      Have you got to be there by 7:00(+)

Haven't you got to be there by 7:00 (-)

4.      Have you got to finish that project today(+)

Haven't you got to finish that project today(-)

5.      Drivers have  got to get a license to drive a car in the US (+)

Drivers have got to get a license to drive a car in the US (-)

   11.  Would

1.      If I were president, I would cut the cost of education.(+)

If I were president, I would not cut the cost of education(-)

2.      I said I would help you.(+)

I said I wouldn't help you.(-)

3.      He told me he would be here before 8:00.(+)

He told me he would not be here before 8:00.(-)

4.      When I was a kid, I would always go to the beach.(+)

When I was a kid, I wouldn’t always go to the beach.(-)

5.      When he was young, he would always do his homework.(+)

When he was young, he wouldn’t always do his homework.(-)

     12.     Prefer

1.      I prefer apples to oranges.(+)

I prefer not apples to oranges(-)

2.      She prefer tea to coffee (+)

She prefer not tea to coffee (-)

3.      We prefer walking to riding bicycles.(+)

We prefer  don’t walking to riding bicycles (-)

4.      I prefer fish to chicken.(+)

I prefer  don’t fish to chicken.(-)

5.      I usually prefer to swim than to play golf.(+)

I usually prefer don’t  to swim than to play golf.(-)

       13.  Like…. Better

1.      I like chocolate better than vanilla. (+)

I don’t like chocolate better than vanilla.(-)

2.      They like hip hop music better than jazz.(+)

They like not hip hop music better than jazz (-)

3.      I like tea better than coffee. (+)

I like not tea better than coffee(-)

4.      He likes bananas better than strawberries (+)

He like nor bananas better than strawberries (-)

5.      I know him better than he knows me(+)

I know him better than don’t he knows me (-)

    14. Would…… Rather

1.      Ann would rather have an apple than an orange.(+)

Ann would rather have an apple don’t than an orange (-)

2.      Would they rather have rice than potatoes (+)

Would they rather don’t  have rice than potatoes (-)

3.      Would you rather have a small family or a big family (+)

Would you rather have not a small family or a big family (-)

4.      Would you rather finish it tomorrow (+)

Would don't you rather finish it tomorrow (-)

                  Wouldn't you rather finish it tomorrow (?)

           5. I would rather have a beer. (+)

              I would rather haven’t a beer (-)